Endocrinology and Metabolic syndrome

Obesity and Metabolic Disorders

The metabolic syndrome is a condition categorised by a special constellation of reversible major risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The basic, diagnostic, components are reduced HDL-cholesterol, raised triglycerides, blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose, all of which are related to weight gain, specifically intra-abdominal/ectopic fat accumulation and a large waist circumference.Metabolic syndrome is also promoted by a lack of internal adipose tissue, low skeletal muscle mass and anti-retroviral drugs. Reducing weight by 5–10%, by diet and exercise, with or without, anti-obesity drugs, significantly lowers all metabolic syndrome components, and risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.  Obesity is a state in which a person has excess body fat. Obesity can rise a person's risk of diseases and health problems, including high blood pressure, diabetes and heart disease. It is aintricate problem and a major public health concern, both in the United States and worldwide. Obesity is most usually caused by a combination of excessive food intake, lack of physical activity, and genetic susceptibility.  A rare cases are caused primarily by genes, endocrine disorders, medications, or mental disorder. The view that obese people eat little so far gain weight due to a slow metabolism is not medically supported. Obesity is a chronic and multifactorial condition characterized by excessive accumulation of body fat that negatively impacts health. It arises from a complex interaction of genetic, environmental, behavioral, and metabolic factors.